1. Explain Servlet Architecture

Introduction

The Servlet architecture belongs to the Application Layer of Internet software, mainly used in Web Applications. It defines how client requests are processed by the server and how responses are generated.

Definition

A Servlet Architecture is the model of communication between a Client (browser), Web Server, Servlet Container, and the Servlet class which processes the request and sends back the response. It ensures efficient execution using threads instead of processes.

Example

Suppose a student fills a login form on a college website.

• The browser sends this request to the web server.
• The Servlet Container identifies which servlet should handle it.
• The servlet fetches student details from the database and generates a personalized response page like “Welcome, Jash!”.

This shows how servlet architecture connects client → server → database → response.

Steps in Servlet Architecture

1. Client sends request (via web browser).
2. Web Server receives the request.
3. Servlet Container maps request URL to the correct Servlet.
4. Thread is created and the Servlet processes request.
5. Response is generated and sent back to the Web Server.
6. Client receives response in browser.

Flowchart (Text Representation)

Client (Browser) → Web Server → Servlet Container → Servlet (processing request) → Response → Web Server → Client